Chirag-e-Deen-e-Nabavi -- Wudhu

Allah says:
Quranic Verses - 5-7
(5-7) O’ believers when you stand for Namaz (prayer) wash your faces and your hands as far
as the elbow and wipe your head (Masa) and wash your feet to the ankles.

Hadith Shareef:

Hzt. Nabi Kareem Sal'am said there is no Namaz (prayer) if there is no Wudhu (ablution)
there is no ablution (Wudhu) for one who does not say Bismillah in the beginning.

Hadith Shareef:

Hzt. Nabi Kareem Sal'am said, one who makes a fresh Wudhu (ablution) for Namaz (prayer)
on the existing ablution with which he offered Namaz (prayer), God rewards him with ten virtues.

Important: In Saheeh Bukhari and Muslim it is narrated that Hzt. Nabi Kareem Sal'am said that Allah forgives small sins and all sins of ones body are removed, who performs Wudhu (ablution). and for one who performs Wudhu (ablution), according to tradition and perfectly and recites Kalima-Shahadat, after ablution eight doors of the heaven are opened for him. The parts of the body washed during ablution (Wudhu) will shine brightly on the Day of Judgement. A man who is always in ablution, will be safe from evils of the devils. Sins are pardoned on every step of the person who goes to mosque after performing ablution (Wudhu) at home.

Important: Ablution (Wudhu) is obligatory (Farz) for Namaz (Prayer), either Farz (Obligatory) , Nafil (Voluntary) or Wajib (Essential), for taking rounds of the Holy K’aba and for touching the Holy Quran. (Ghayatul Autar)

Important: If any person makes ablution (Wudhu) with the intention of funeral Namaz (Prayer) and the time of Farz Namaz comes then should make a fresh wudhu (Ablution). Because making ablution (Wudhu) is obligatory for Namaz (Prayer). (Hirzul Musallin)

Ablution (Wudhu) is desirable (Mustahab)
in the following conditions

After telling a lie; back biting; laughing-loudly, after every minor or major sin; touching the penis; touching a woman; after waking up from sleep, fresh ablution on existing ablution; after reciting poetry which does not carry a message for humanity or is not written in the praise of Allah or the prophet Mohammed Sal'am and (Mahdi-e-mavood), after eating camel’s Flesh (some think that it is essential (wajib), for giving bath to a dead body and to carrying it; before every Namaz (prayer), at the time of copulation, before taking copulation bath; at the time of eating , drinking and going to bed; after the anger is over; before narrating Hadith Shareef; before taking religious lessons; for saying Azan and Iqamat; for giving a sermon; even though a marriage sermon; for visiting a Holy place; for touching books on Islamic laws (shariah); stopping at Arafat and before Saie (Runing between Safa-o-Marva hills). (Ghayatul Autar)

The Obligatory Acts (Farz) For Wudhu (Ablution):

They are four in number.
I. Washing** the face. (From fore-head to chin bone and from ear to ear)
2. Washing both the hands up to the elbows.
3. Masah. (rubbing the head with wet hands).
4. Washing both feet up to the ankles.
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**(Washing of the roots of the beard is not obligatory (Farz), if the beard is too thick and the skin is not visible. If the skin is visible then washing the roots of the hair of the beard is also obligatory.)
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Important: Narrated Muslim, Tabrani, Dawood, and Baghvi through Hzt. Mughira Ibne Sheebah Raz. that know that Hzt. Rasoolullah Sal'am, while making ablution (wudhu), did (Masah) pass his wet finger on his forehead and turban, over the socks. The forehead is equal to Ľth of the head from the front. It is further narrated by Abu Dawood and Hakim through Anas Raz. that he had seen the Prophet of Allah while performing ablution had turban on his head and that, he brought his hand under the turban and did Masah of front head and the front head is Ľth of the head from the front side (Noorul Hadaya)

Baihaqi had also reported similarly through 'Atah and also Shafai, and also the performance of the Masah of the Ľth head from the front is narrated through Hzt. 'Osman Raz. This is narrated by Sayeed Bin Mansoor and it is confirmed through Haz. Ibn-e-'Omer Raz. that he (The Prophet Sal'am) had the Masah of some part of the head and it is narrated by Ibnul Munzer and none of the companions of prophet Mohammed Sal'am had rejected it. The said traditions are narrated from Fathul Bari, Sharhe Vaqaya and Noorul Hadaya.

According to Imam Shafai Rah, it is enough to make Masah of even one or two hair of the head. But Imam Malik Rah, had the view that the Masah of the whole head is obligatory.

As per Imam Azam Rah, performing of Masah of Ľth of the head is obligatory (Farz) and in view of Imam Abi Yousuf Rah. Masah of the whole beard is obligatory (Farz) (Noorul Hadaya)

It may be noted that in obligatory Masah, there is a condition that fresh water should be taken from the pot for wetting the hands and performing Masah with that wetness for each part. Doing Masah with the wetness left over after performing of Masah OF ONE PART IS NOT PERMISIBLE FOR THE OTHER parts.(Noorul Hadaya)

Important: It is clarified that while making ablution (Wudhu) keeping turban or cap on the head and passing wet fingers over the Ľth part of the head is being followed from Hzt. Mahdi Mauood Alahs Salam by the sacred (Groh-e-Mubarak) group. The defects in making ablution (Wudhu) with naked head may be ascertained from the spiritual guide or saints.

Sunnah (Traditional) Acts For Ablution (Wudhu)

They are ‘13’ in number.

1.    To make Istanjah.
2.    Determining the intention (Niyat) for Wudhu.
3.    Reciting Bismillah.
4.    Washing hand up to the wrists.
5.    Brushing teeth with Miswak. (stick)**
6.    Gargling.
7.    Rinsing the nostril.
8.    Washing each part three times.
9.    Passing the finger of hands in between each other and in the fingers of feet.
10. Passing the fingers in between the hair of beard.
11. Performing Masah of complete head.
12. Performing Masah of the neck.
13. Performing Masah of both ears and to perform all the acts of Wudhu continiously and to
      observe sequence in washing every part of the body. (Noorul Hadaya)
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** (The virtues of brushing teeth with Miswak Stick are narrated in several tradition. Thus in Ghayatul Autar it is written that the Holy prophet Sal'am, said that the virtues of the Namaz (prayer) performed with Miswak are ‘70’ times more than the virtues of that Namaz (prayer) for which no miswak was done.)
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The Mode of performing Wudhu
And Desirable (Mustahab) Acts of Wudhu (Ablution)

1.   To perform Wudhu one has to take pure water in a clean clay pot keeping it on the leftside.
2.   To recite intent (Niyyat) at the time of washing every part.or saying Bismillah (in the name
      of Allah the beneficent, the Merciful)
3.   To sit facing Qibla
4.   To pass hand over every part at the time of washing it.
5.   To rinse the nostril inserting the finger.
6.   To perform wudhu before the time (of prayer) if there is no excuse, and on the time it is
      obligatory.
7.   If a ring on the finger, to turn it round to let the water pass through it.
8.   To keep silence.
9.   To sit on a high place
10. To determine intention for Wudhu.
11. To make fresh Wudhu (ablution) for every Namaz (prayer)
12. To drink left out water of Wudhu (ablution) standing facing towards Qibla.
13. After Wudhu (ablution) to recite the following. (Ghayatul Autar)

After Wudhu Recite this Dua

Undesirable (Makrooh) Acts for Wudhu

1. To indulge in wordly talk during the performance of Wudhu (ablution).
2. To splash water on the face forcefully.
3. To use more water than what is prescribed **
4. To perform Masah by taking water thrice for this purpose.
5. Washing parts of the body more then three times.
6. Closing eyes and mouth tightly (at the time of washing the face).
7. Cleaning the nose with the right hand.
8. Washing any part of the body less than three times.
9. Making Wudhu (ablution) inside the Mosque, but doing so in a wash basin is permissible
and also at the spot which is built in the Mosque for Wudhu (ablution).
10. To perform Wudhu (ablution) at a polluted or dirty place.
11. Spitting in the water.
12. Smelling the water, although it is a flowing water.
13. Not changing the direction of feet from Qibla to any other direction at the time of washing
the feet.
14. Making a pot particular for Wudhu (ablution). (Ghayatul Autar, Alamgiri.)

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** spending excessively from the water kept in Mosques or schools is prohibited (Haram).
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It is undesirable to take bath or make wudhu (ablution) with the left over water which is used by any woman. This is because it may perhaps give sexual pleasure or because generally women are more polluted than the man. This leads to severe undesirability (Karahiat-e-Tanzeehi) (Al-Tahtavi and Ghayatul Autar).

Niyyat or Intention of Wudhu (Ablution)

I resolve to perform Wudhu (ablution) for Namaz (prayer) to acquire nearness of Allah.
(Fatavi Alamgiri, and Ghayatul Autar)

Important: Namaz (prayer) performed with Wudhu with out intention (Niyyat) stands accomplished. But the reward of performing Wudhu will not be available with out intent, besides the person will be a sinner for not making intent (niyyat). (Ghayatul Autar)

1. At the time of washing both hands up to the wrist should recite the following invocation:

O’God save my hands from committing sins and evil deeds.

2. At the time of Gargling:

O’Allah help me to recite the Holy Quran repeatedly

3. At the time of Cleaning Nose:

O’ God let me smell the Heavenly smell

4. At the time of Washing Face:

O’God Enlighten my face like the faces of your lovers on the day of judgement.

5. At the time of Washing the Right Hand:

O’God give me my record of deeds ('Amalnama) in my right hand and be lenient at the time
of taking account of my deeds.

6, At the time of Washing Left Hand:

O’God do not give my record of deeds in my left hand nor from behind.

7. At the time of doing Masah of Head:

O’God give me shelter under Thy empyrean throne ('ARSH) on that day when there will be no other shelter except Thy Empyrean throne ('ARSH).

8. At the time of performing Masah of Ears:

O’God make me among the people who listen to all but follow the best.

9. At the time of performing Masah of Neck:

O’God save my neck from the Hell.

10. At the time of washing feet.

O’God keep my feet firm on the Pull Sarat (A bridge very thin and sharp path way to paradise
through which the virtuous people will pass safely to Heaven). (Ghayatul Autar)

Important: Reciting Soora-e-Qader after Wudhu (ablution) is highly rewarded by Allah. (Ghayatul Autar)

In a Hadith in Muslim it is narrated from Hzt. 'Omer Farooq Raz, that Hzt. Nabi Kareem Sal'am said one who performs Wudhu (ablution) fully and recites Kalema-e-Shahadat, Allah opens all the Eight doors of the Heavan (paradise) for him to enter from any door he likes.

Tirmizi adds the following invocation to the one already narrated:

O’Allah make me one of the repentants and treat me among the purified persons.
(Ghayatul Autar)

The Circumstances Rendering Wudhu (ablution) Void

1. Flowing of Puss.
2. Flowing of Blood from the body.
3. Discharge of Semen
4. Any liquids from the secret parts.
5. Drop of Semen
6. Drop of urine
7. Small pieces of stone.
8. Worm coming out of front secret part of the body.
9. Stool
10. Worm
11. Gas
12 Something wet from lower secret part of the body.
13. Removing blood
14. Vomiting mouth full
15. Becoming unconcious
16. Intoxication.
17. Getting mad.
18. Sleeping while sitting with a support.
19. Laughing loudly or moving the shoulder during the Namaz (prayer) in which Ruku (bow) and
Sujood (prostration) required.**
20. Men and women, or two women, or two men embrace each other naked though semen is
not discharged. (Ghayatul Autar)
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(** It is narrated in Mo’ojim Tabrani through Abul Abu Moosa Ashra Raz. that the prophet of Allah Sal'am was leading the Namaz (prayer) a person with short sight came and fell in the a dich in a mosque. The Many of the people who were in the Namaz (prayer) burst in to laughter. The prophet sal'am asked the persons who laughed to repeat their wudhu and Namaz. Laughter is that which is heard by the nearby people Zahak is the laugh Which is heard by self but not by others. This will make the Namaz void but not the wudhu. Smiling is one which will have no sound but only some teeth will be exposed. It will not cause void either the namaz or the wudhu. Laughing during the funeral namaz or during the Sijdah of recitation of the Holy Quran will not cause the wudhu void but that namaz and the sijdahs will become void. (Ghayatul Autar)
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Leeches sucking blood renders Wudhu (ablution) void. But bed bugs and mosquitoes sucking the blood does not render wudhu (ablution) void. (Alamgiri)

Water flowing from eyes, nose, ears, etc. with pain makes, wudhu (ablution) defective. (Ghayatul Autar)

Tears and perspiration do not render wudhu (ablution) void. (Durre Mukhtar)

If blood is clearly visible and in dominating quantity in spittle while spitting, it renders the wudhu (ablution) void. If the spittle is yellowish then the wudhu (ablution) would not be void. (Durre Mukhtar)

Wudhu (ablution) will not break by mere touching penis, washing hands is desirable (Mustahab). But after touching penis or touching the woman it is desirable (Mustahab) to perform fresh wudhu (ablution) in order to get the satisfaction of having achieved the cleanliness. This is the unanimous view of Islamic scholars. This is so particularly for the Imam (person who is leading Namaz). (Ghayatul Autar)

Important: Merely by touching a woman or a young lad without beard do not make Wudhu (ablution) void. If the anus of a person, suffering from piles comes out and it is pushed inside, renders wudhu (ablution) void. If it goes inside by itself wudhu (ablution) does not become void. If some pollution is seen (on his body) it makes wudhu (ablution) defective. In the same way, if a worm appears a little and then disappears inside by it self, it will not render the wudhu (ablution) defective. While performing wudhu (ablution), if a person has a doubt washing or performing Masah of any part of the body and he is not in the habit of having doubts, he should make wudhu (ablution) fresh. If he is habituated to it, he should not repeat. If he doubts even after wudhu (ablution) he should not make fresh wudhu (ablution) whether he is habituated to it or not. He need not pay attention towards it and think himself in wudhu (ablution) (Ghayatul Autar)